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|| Professional Experience || Education || Courses Offered || Research Interests ||
|| Professional Service || Publications || Presentations || Grants || Students ||
Director, Master of Science in General Psychology Program, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 2004-present.
Professor, Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 2000-present.
Visiting Scholar, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, Spring 1998.
Visitor, Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Spring 1998.
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 1993-2000.
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Memphis State University, Memphis, TN, 1988-1993.
Research Associate, Department of Psychology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 1987-1988.
Assistant in Instruction/Research, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 1983-1987.
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Years
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Degree
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Institution | Concentration/Major |
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1985-87
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Ph.D.
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Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey | Cognitive Psychology |
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1983-85
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M.A.
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Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey | Cognitive Psychology |
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1979-83
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B.A.
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The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio | Psychology |
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1979-83
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B.A.
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The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio | Linguistics |
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Term
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Course
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Course Title | Days | Times |
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Summer I 2008
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PSYC 3303
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Thinking and Cognitive Processes | Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri | 10:50-12:30 |
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Spring 2008
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PSYC 3106
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Social Psychology | Tues Thur | 11:20-12:45 |
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Spring 2008
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PSYC 3303
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Thinking and Cognitive Processes | Tues Thur | 5:30-6:55 |
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Fall 2007
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PSYC 3106
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Social Psychology | Tues Thur | 9:40-11:05 |
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Fall 2007
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PSYC 7/8211
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Cognitive Processes | Tues Thur | 5:30-6:55 |
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*These syllabi are in Adobe Reader (Acrobat/PDF) format. You can get the Reader plug-in here: |
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Summer I 2008 Mon through Fri 12:30-1:00 and by appointment
PSYC 7/8503: Pragmatics and Figurative Language (last offered Spring 2006)
PSYC 4101: History of Psychology (last offered Spring 2004)
PSYC 4011: Psychology of Language (last offered Spring 2003)
PSYC 7/8022: The Computer as a Tool in an Academic Career (last offered Summer 1999)
I am a cognitive psychologist with research interests in psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics. My specific areas of research are the following:
Discourse processing and pragmatics
Experimental studies of communication strategies (e.g., how people go about fulfilling their communicative goals).
Figurative language
How (and why) do people communicate using nonliteral means, such as with irony or hyperbole?
Discourse coherence
Which aspects of texts and conversations lead to a perception of coherence or noncoherence?
Empirical study of literature
Application of methodologies from cognitive psychology to the study of literary production and comprehension.
Editorial Board member, Metaphor and Symbol, 2001 to present
Secretary/Treasurer, The Society for Text and Discourse, 1997 to 2000
Webmaster, Psychology of Language Page of Links, a resource listing for researchers in psycholinguistics, 1996 to 2006
Editorial Board member, Discourse Processes, 1994 to 2002
Fussell, S. R., & Kreuz, R. J. (Eds.). (1998). Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication (ix + 298 pp.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [picture]
(Shameless plug #1: can be purchased in hardcover or paperback from Amazon.com)
Kreuz, R. J., & MacNealy, M. S. (Eds.). (1996). Empirical approaches to literature and aesthetics. In R. O. Freedle (series editor), Advances in discourse processes, volume LII (xx + 729 pp.). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.
(Shameless plug #2: can be purchased in hardcover or paperback from Amazon.com)
Kreuz, R. J., & Dews, S. (Eds.). (1995). Nonliteral language: Processing and use [special issue]. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity,10 (1).
Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (in press). Social aspects of verbal irony use. To appear in H. Pishwa (Ed.), Language and social cognition. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Dress, M. L., Kreuz, R. J., Link, K. E., & Caucci, G. M. (2008). Regional variation in the use of sarcasm. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 27, 71-85. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2007). The concept of salience in cognitive psychology. In C. Gascoigne (Ed.), Assessing the impact of input enhancement in second language acquisition (pp. 19-36). Stillwater, OK: New Forums Press.
Kreuz, R. J., & Ashley, A. (2006). Nonliteral language, persuasion, and memory. In H. Pishwa (Ed.), Cognitive aspects of language and memory (pp. 425-443). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Fridland, V., Bartlett, K., & Kreuz, R. (2005). Making sense of variation: Pleasantness and education ratings of regional vowel variants. American Speech, 80, 366-387. [abstract]
Link, K. E., & Kreuz, R. J. (2005a). The comprehension of ostensible speech acts. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 24, 1-25. [abstract]
Link, K. E., & Kreuz, R. J. (2005b). Do men and women differ in their use of nonliteral language when they talk about emotions? In H. L. Colston & A. N. Katz (Eds.), Figurative language comprehension: Social and cultural influences (pp. 153-180). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Kreuz, R. J. (2004, November 9). Empirical potpourri [Review of The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory, vol. 44]. PsycCRITIQUES--Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 49, Supplement 7.
Fridland, V., Bartlett, K., & Kreuz, R. (2004). Do you hear what I hear? Experimental measurement of the perceptual salience of acoustically manipulated vowel variants by Southern speakers in Memphis, TN. Language Variation and Change, 16, 1-16. [abstract]
Stewart, C. O., & Kreuz, R. J. (2003). On the communicative function of exaggeration: How to be a million times clearer. Communication Research Reports, 20, 331-340. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Link, K. E. (2002). Asymmetries in the perception of verbal irony. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 21, 127-143. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J. (2001). Literary texts: Comprehension and memory. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences, vol. 13 (pp. 8981-8984). New York: Pergamon.
Link, K. E., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001). Factors that influence the perception of feedback delivered by a pedagogical agent. International Journal of Speech Technology, 4, 145-153. [abstract]
Person, N. K., Graesser, A. C., Kreuz, R. J., Pomeroy, V., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001). Simulating human tutor dialog moves in AutoTutor. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 12, 23-39. [abstract]
Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Kreuz, R., Wiemer-Hastings, P., & Marquis, K. (2000). QUAID: A questionnaire evaluation aid for survey methodologists. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32, 254-262. [abstract]
Dressler, R. A., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000). Transcribing oral discourse: A survey and a model system. Discourse Processes, 29, 25-36. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J. (2000). The production and processing of verbal irony. Metaphor and Symbol, 15, 99-107. [abstract]
Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Kreuz, R., & the Tutoring Research Group. (1999). AutoTutor: A simulation of a human tutor. Journal of Cognitive Systems Research, 1, 35-51. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J. (1999). Proverbs and psychology: Strange bedfellows? The American Journal of Psychology, 112, 318-321.
Kreuz, R. J., Kassler, M. A., Coppenrath, L., & McLain Allen, B. (1999). Tag questions and common ground effects in the perception of verbal irony. Journal of Pragmatics, 31, 1685-1700. [abstract]
Roberts, R. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (1999). La produzione del linguaggio figurato: tutti i tropi sono creati uguali? [The production of figurative language: Are all tropes created equal?]. In A. Nemesio (Ed.), L'esperienza del testo (pp. 101-110). Rome: Meltemi.
Fussell, S. R., & Kreuz, R. J. (1998). Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication: Introduction and overview. In S. R. Fussell & R. J. Kreuz (Eds.), Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication (pp. 3-17). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Graesser, A. C., Kassler, M. A., Kreuz, R. J., & McLain Allen, B. (1998). Verification of statements about story worlds that deviate from normal conceptions of time: What is true about "Einstein's Dreams"? Cognitive Psychology, 35, 246-301. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J. (1998). Review of "Understanding Metaphor in Literature." Journal of Pragmatics, 29, 805-807.
Kreuz, R. J., Kassler, M. A., & Coppenrath, L. (1998). The use of hyperbole in discourse: Cognitive and social facets. In S. R. Fussell & R. J. Kreuz (Eds.), Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication (pp. 91-111). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Kreuz, R. J. (1997). Review of "Irony in Context." Journal of Pragmatics, 27, 247-250.
Sell, M. A., Kreuz, R. J., & Coppenrath, L. (1997). Parents' use of nonliteral language with preschool children. Discourse Processes, 23, 99-118. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J. (1996). The use of verbal irony: Cues and constraints. In J. S. Mio & A. N. Katz (Eds.), Metaphor: Implications and applications (pp. 23-38). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Kreuz, R. J., Roberts, R. M., Johnson, B. K., & Bertus, E. L. (1996). Figurative language occurrence and co-occurrence in contemporary literature. In R. J. Kreuz & M. S. MacNealy (Eds.), Empirical approaches to literature and aesthetics (pp. 83-97). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.
Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1995). Two cues for verbal irony: Hyperbole and the ironic tone of voice. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 10, 21-31. [abstract]
Person, N. K., Kreuz, R. J., Zwaan, R. A., & Graesser, A. C. (1995). Pragmatics and pedagogy: Conversational rules and politeness strategies may inhibit effective tutoring. Cognition and Instruction, 13, 161-188. [abstract]
Person, N. K., Graesser, A. C., Magliano, J. P., & Kreuz, R. J. (1994). Inferring what the student knows in one-to-one tutoring: The role of student questions and answers. Learning and Individual Differences, 6, 205-229. [abstract]
Roberts, R. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (1994). Why do people use figurative language? Psychological Science, 5, 159-163. [abstract]
Roberts, R. M., Kreuz, R. J., Gilbert, D. K., & Bainbridge, E. A. (1994). Discourse expectation and perceived coherence. In H. van Oostendorp & R. A. Zwaan (Eds.), Naturalistic text comprehension (pp. 189-202). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.
Graesser, A. C., & Kreuz, R. J. (1993). A theory of inference generation during text comprehension. Discourse Processes, 16, 145-160. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Graesser, A. C. (1993). The assumptions behind questions in letters to advice columnists. Text, 13, 65-89. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1993a). When collaboration fails: Consequences of pragmatic errors in conversation. Journal of Pragmatics, 19, 239-252. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1993b). On satire and parody: The importance of being ironic. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 8, 97-109. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1993c). The empirical study of figurative language in literature. Poetics, 22, 151-169. [abstract]
Roberts, R. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (1993). Nonstandard discourse and its coherence. Discourse Processes, 16, 451-464. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Graesser, A. C. (1991). Aspects of idiom interpretation: Comment on Nayak and Gibbs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120, 90-92. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., Long, D. L., & Church, M. B. (1991). On being ironic: Pragmatic and mnemonic implications. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 6, 149-162. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Glucksberg, S. (1989). How to be sarcastic: The echoic reminder theory of verbal irony. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 374-386. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J. (1987). The subjective familiarity of English homophones. Memory & Cognition, 15, 154-168. [abstract]
Glucksberg, S., Kreuz, R. J., & Rho, S. H. (1986). Context can constrain lexical access: Implications for models of language comprehension. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12, 323-335. [abstract]
Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2008, July). Do lexical factors affect the perception of sarcasm? Paper to be presented at the 18th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Memphis, TN.
Caucci, G. M., Kreuz, R. J., & Buder, E. H. (2007, November). Acoustic analyses of the sarcastic tone of voice. Paper presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Long Beach, CA.
[Poster in PDF format]Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2007, April). Lexical influences on the perception of sarcasm. Paper presented at the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Figurative Language, annual meeting of the Human Language Technology Conference: North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (HLT-NAACL), Rochester, NY.
Kreuz, R. J., Dress, M. L., & Link, K. E. (2006, July). Regional differences in the spontaneous use of sarcasm. Paper presented at the 16th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Minneapolis, MN.
Ashley, A., & Kreuz, R. J. (2005, May). It's all the same to me: Figurative language effects on attitudinal responding. Paper presented at the 17th annual meeting of the American Psychological Society, Los Angeles, CA.
Kreuz, R. J., Ashley, A., & Bartlett, K. (2002, November). Twisting arms: Figurative language effects in persuasive discourse. Paper presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Kansas City, MO.
[Presentation in PDF format]Kreuz, R. J., Whitten, S., Link, K., Marineau, J., & Ashley, A. (2002, June). Does it matter how you say it? A comparison of figurative forms. Paper presented at the 11th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Chicago.
Link, K. E., Kreuz, R. J., & Soto, J. (2001, November). "Let's do lunch sometime": An analysis of ostensible speech acts. Paper presented at the 42nd annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Orlando, FL.
[Presentation in PDF format]Kreuz, R. J. (2001, June). Using figurative language to increase advertising effectiveness. Paper presented at the Office of Naval Research Military Personnel Research Science Workshop, Memphis, TN.
[Presentation in PDF format]Graesser, A. C., Link, K. E., Bautista, L., Kreuz, R. J., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001, April). An evaluation of AutoTutor on learning gains. Paper presented at the 82nd annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.
Person, N. K., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., Rajan, S., Klettke, B., Pomeroy, V., Link, K., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001, April). An analysis of student learning gains after interacting with AutoTutor. Paper presented at the 82nd annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.
Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000, August). The gold standard of question quality on surveys: Experts, computer tools, versus statistical indices. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Statistical Association, Indianapolis, IN.
Link, K., Pomeroy, V., DiPaolo, R., Rajan, S., Klettke, B., Bautista, L., Kreuz, R., Graesser, A., & the Tutoring Research Group (2000, July). The effectiveness of tutorial dialog in an automated conversational tutor. Paper presented at the 10th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Lyon, France.
[Presentation in PDF format]Stewart, C. O., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000, July). Are you trying to be funny? The importance of exaggeration on discourse goal clarity. Paper presented at the 10th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Lyon, France.
[Presentation in PDF format]Person, N. K., Bautista, L., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., & the Tutoring Research Group (2000, June). The dialog advancer network: A conversation manager for AutoTutor. Paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Montreal.
Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Rajan, S., Graesser, A. C., Kreuz, R. J., & Karnavat, A. (2000, May). DP: A detector for presuppositions in survey questions. Paper presented at the Applied Natural Language Processing Conference, Seattle.
Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Wiemer-Hastings, K., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000, January). A computer tool that critiques survey questions. Paper presented at the 11th annual meeting of the Winter Conference on Discourse, Text, & Cognition, Jackson Hole, WY.
Graesser, A. C., Kreuz, R. J., Wiemer-Hastings, P., & Wiemer-Hastings, K. (1999, November). QUEST Questionnaire Evaluation Aid (QQEA): A tool for survey methodologists. In A. C. Graesser & C. Burgess (Chairs), Cognitively motivated computerized approaches to survey research. Symposium conducted at the 29th annual meeting of the Society for Computers in Psychology, Los Angeles.
Wiemer-Hastings, P., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Kreuz, R. J., & Graesser, A. C. (1999, November). A comparison of question critiques provided by the QUEST Questionnaire Evaluation Aid (QQEA) and human raters. In A. C. Graesser & C. Burgess (Chairs), Cognitively motivated computerized approaches to survey research. Symposium conducted at the 29th annual meeting of the Society for Computers in Psychology, Los Angeles.
Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Harter, D., Person, N., & Kreuz, R. (1999, November). Latent semantic analysis can reliably evaluate student contributions in AutoTutor. Paper presented at the 40th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Los Angeles.
Link., K. E., & Kreuz, R. J. (1999, November). Do men and women use nonliteral language differently when they talk about emotions? Paper presented at the 40th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Los Angeles.
[Presentation in PDF format]Person, N., K., Klettke, B., Link, K., Kreuz, R. J., & the Tutoring Research Group. (1999, October). The integration of affective responses into AutoTutor. Paper presented at the International Workshop on Affect in Interactions, Siena, Italy.
Person, N., Kreuz, R., Pomeroy, V., Klettke, B., & The Tutoring Research Group (1999, August). Autotutor's pedagogical effectiveness and conversational appropriateness. Paper presented at the 9th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Vancouver, British Columbia.
Graesser, A., Kreuz., R., Wiemer-Hastings, P., & The Tutoring Research Group (1999, May). Simulating tutors with natural dialog and pedagogical strategies. Paper presented at the National Science Foundation Learning and Intelligent Systems Principal Investigators Meeting, Washington, DC.
Chi, M., Goldman, S., Graesser, A., & Kreuz, R. (1998, August). Tutorial: Discourse in contexts of learning. Presentation at the 20th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Madison, WI.
Kreuz, R. J., Link, K. E., & Hu, X. (1998, July). Intonation and facial expressions of the talking head. In A. C. Graesser (Chair), AutoTutor: A computer tutor that simulates human tutorial dialogue. Symposium conducted at the 8th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Madison, WI.
Kreuz, R. J., Link, K. E., Epstein, A. R. & McLain Allen, B. (1997, November). Do expectations of events affect verbal irony comprehension? Paper presented at the 38th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Philadelphia.
Kassler, M. A., & Kreuz, R. J. (1996, November). Experiencing suspense in narratives and film. Paper presented at the 37th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Chicago.
McLain Allen, B., Graesser, A. C., Kassler, M. A., & Kreuz, R. J. (1996, July). Verification of typical versus atypical information in "Einstein's Dreams." Paper presented at the 6th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, San Diego, CA.
Bayen, U. J., McLain Allen, B., & Kreuz, R. J. (1996, April). Aging and source memory for speech acts in literary plays. Paper presented at the 6th Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.
Sell, M. A., Kreuz, R. J., & Coppenrath, L. (1996, March). Parents' use of nonliteral language to preschool children. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Southwestern Society for Research on Human Development, Park City, UT.
Kreuz, R. J., Kassler, M. A., Coppenrath, L., McLain Allen, B., & Richter, J. F. (1995, November). Common ground effects and the perception of verbal irony. Paper presented at the 36th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Los Angeles.
Kreuz, R. J. (1995, August). Figurative language research: Past, present, and future (symposium discussant). In E. Winner (Chair), Figurative language: Why say it indirectly? Symposium conducted at the 103rd annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, New York City.
Graesser, A. C., Kassler, M. A., Kreuz, R. J., & McLain Allen, B. (1995, January). What is true about "Einstein's Dreams"? Paper presented at the 6th annual Winter Text Conference, Jackson Hole, WY.
Principal Investigator, Survey of Southern Speech (Research Experience for Undergraduates). National Science Foundation (sponsor: V. Fridland, University of Nevada Reno), July 2002 to February 2006, $6,200.
Principal Investigator, Using Figurative Language to Increase Advertising Effectiveness. Office of Naval Research (N00014-00-1-0667), April 2000 to April 2002, $104,875.
Co-Principal Investigator, Simulating Tutors with Natural Dialog and Pedagogical Strategies (A. C. Graesser, Principal Investigator). Learning and Intelligent Systems Initiative, National Science Foundation (SBR 9720314), September 1997 to August 2000, $900,000.
Principal Investigator, Factors that Influence the Perception of Discourse Coherence. Memphis State University Faculty Research Grant, November 1990 to May 1991, $2,700.
Monica A. Riordan, current master's student
Gina M. Caucci, M.S. 2008
Current doctoral student
Megan L. Dress, M.S. 2006
Now an employee of Luminetx Corp. (Memphis, TN)
Aaron L. Ashley, Ph.D. 2004
Post-doctoral fellow, University of Notre Dame (South Bend, IN)
Now an assistant professor at Weber State University (Ogden, UT)Kristen E. Link, M.S. 1999, Ph.D. 2001
Now an associate professor at SUNY Oswego (Oswego, NY)
Craig O. Stewart, M.S. 2000
Knowledge Engineer, The Institute for Computational Discourse Technologies, Thoughtware Technologies, Inc. (Memphis, TN)
Doctoral student in rhetoric at Carnegie-Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA)
Now an assistant professor of English at Old Dominion University (Norfolk, VA)Max A. Kassler, M.S. 1993, Ph.D. 1996
Intern, IBM Watson Research Center (Hawthorne, NY)
Usability Engineer, Bellcore (Piscataway, NJ)
User Interface Designer, Persimmon IT, Inc. (Durham, NC)
Autodesk (Ithaca, NY)
Now a Senior Usability Developer at BMC Software and lecturer at University of Texas (Austin, TX)Richard M. Roberts, Ph.D. 1992
Post-doctoral fellow, National Center for Health Statistics (Washington, DC)
Student, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary (Austin, TX)
Full professor, University of Maryland University College (Europe and Asia)
Now a Foreign Service Officer, U.S. State Department
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